In a ground-breaking study using tone-frequency discrimination tasks with mice in the context of perceptual decision-making, Japanese researchers have determined that “sensory inputs are often integrated in time to form a belief about current context. Based on a decision threshold and  belief of context, subjects make a choice. These choices were then used for the prior values in the subsequent trials so that the values are maintained across trials. Their study investigates how the brain integrates the prior value and sensory input for a current choice while maintaining the values for future actions.” Application of these kinds of studies have future implications regarding use of audible biomarkers for training and therapy applications.

Ishizu, K., Nishimoto, S., Ueoka, Y. et al. Localized and global representation of prior value, sensory evidence, and choice in male mouse cerebral cortex. Nat Commun 15, 4071 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48338-6